Icon for Personal Income Tax Progressivity

Personal Income Tax Progressivity

Description

This variable is measured as the difference between the average tax liability per $1,000, at incomes of $50,000 and $150,000. The tax liabilities are measured using a combination of effective tax rates, exemptions, and deductions at both state and federal levels, which are calculations from Laffer Associates. Tax rates are as of January 1, 2023.

Current (2023)

Current values and ranks for the 2023 edition of Rich States, Poor States.
State Value Rank
-$1.04 1st
$0.00 2nd
$4.62 18th
$13.01 36th
$41.17 50th
$8.13 23rd
$7.67 21st
$15.10 39th
$0.00 2nd
$9.34 26th
$13.54 37th
$10.71 30th
$1.60 14th
$0.69 13th
$5.89 19th
$10.47 29th
$1.66 15th
$9.63 27th
$23.21 46th
$8.95 25th
$2.93 17th
$2.83 16th
$21.04 45th
$12.20 34th
$11.41 31st
$16.40 42nd
$19.85 43rd
$0.00 2nd
$0.00 2nd
$24.81 47th
$12.78 35th
$11.72 32nd
$8.08 22nd
$8.48 24th
$15.80 41st
$7.17 20th
$38.28 49th
$0.00 2nd
$11.82 33rd
$20.77 44th
$0.00 2nd
$0.00 2nd
$0.00 2nd
$0.37 12th
$28.35 48th
$10.28 28th
$0.00 2nd
$15.53 40th
$14.44 38th
$0.00 2nd

Historical Ranks

Historical state ranks for Personal Income Tax Progressivity across editions of the Rich States, Poor States.
State 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
1st 1st 1st 1st 1st 1st 1st 1st 1st 1st 1st 1st 1st 1st 1st 1st
2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd
33rd 31st 32nd 34th 30th 29th 31st 32nd 32nd 32nd 28th 28th 32nd 32nd 32nd 18th
39th 40th 40th 40th 37th 39th 40th 40th 39th 43rd 43rd 46th 45th 37th 41st 36th
50th 50th 50th 50th 50th 50th 50th 50th 50th 50th 50th 50th 50th 50th 50th 50th
2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 20th 19th 20th 21st 21st 21st 21st 21st 21st 21st 22nd 23rd
34th 34th 34th 18th 27th 25th 26th 27th 29th 28th 23rd 22nd 22nd 22nd 21st 21st
36th 35th 45th 35th 45th 43rd 38th 38th 40th 39th 39th 39th 38th 35th 37th 39th
2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd
24th 25th 25th 26th 24th 21st 22nd 23rd 23rd 23rd 24th 23rd 23rd 23rd 27th 26th
35th 39th 37th 38th 36th 37th 37th 37th 37th 36th 36th 36th 34th 34th 35th 37th
38th 42nd 39th 41st 39th 35th 36th 36th 36th 37th 35th 37th 36th 36th 36th 30th
15th 15th 15th 16th 15th 14th 14th 14th 14th 14th 14th 14th 14th 14th 14th 14th
14th 14th 14th 15th 14th 13th 13th 13th 13th 13th 13th 13th 13th 13th 13th 13th
37th 36th 35th 36th 34th 33rd 33rd 33rd 33rd 33rd 34th 35th 33rd 33rd 34th 19th
32nd 33rd 33rd 44th 32nd 23rd 25th 25th 26th 25th 27th 27th 27th 27th 28th 29th
20th 19th 19th 21st 19th 18th 18th 19th 19th 19th 17th 15th 15th 15th 15th 15th
26th 28th 28th 29th 29th 27th 29th 30th 30th 30th 29th 29th 28th 28th 18th 27th
46th 46th 46th 47th 47th 47th 47th 47th 47th 47th 42nd 48th 48th 47th 47th 46th
21st 21st 20th 22nd 21st 22nd 23rd 18th 18th 18th 19th 26th 26th 25th 25th 25th
17th 17th 17th 19th 17th 16th 16th 16th 16th 16th 16th 17th 17th 17th 17th 17th
16th 16th 16th 17th 16th 15th 15th 15th 15th 15th 15th 16th 16th 16th 16th 16th
27th 27th 29th 31st 46th 46th 45th 45th 45th 45th 47th 45th 46th 45th 45th 45th
25th 26th 26th 28th 25th 24th 24th 26th 28th 27th 25th 24th 24th 26th 26th 34th
42nd 41st 38th 14th 13th 36th 39th 39th 38th 38th 41st 32nd 31st 31st 31st 31st
19th 20th 22nd 23rd 22nd 45th 44th 44th 44th 44th 45th 42nd 42nd 42nd 42nd 42nd
45th 45th 44th 45th 43rd 44th 46th 46th 46th 46th 44th 44th 44th 44th 44th 43rd
2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd
2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd
49th 48th 48th 48th 48th 48th 48th 48th 48th 48th 48th 47th 47th 46th 46th 47th
30th 32nd 30th 32nd 28th 28th 30th 31st 31st 31st 37th 31st 30th 30th 30th 35th
40th 37th 36th 37th 40th 34th 34th 34th 35th 35th 33rd 41st 41st 41st 40th 32nd
29th 30th 31st 33rd 33rd 31st 19th 20th 20th 20th 18th 19th 19th 19th 23rd 22nd
28th 29th 27th 30th 31st 30th 28th 29th 25th 29th 26th 25th 25th 24th 24th 24th
44th 43rd 41st 42nd 38th 38th 35th 35th 34th 34th 31st 34th 40th 39th 38th 41st
23rd 22nd 21st 27th 26th 26th 27th 28th 27th 26th 22nd 20th 18th 18th 19th 20th
41st 38th 42nd 39th 41st 40th 41st 42nd 42nd 41st 38th 38th 37th 49th 49th 49th
2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd
48th 49th 49th 49th 35th 32nd 32nd 24th 24th 24th 30th 30th 29th 29th 29th 33rd
18th 23rd 23rd 24th 42nd 42nd 43rd 43rd 43rd 42nd 46th 43rd 43rd 43rd 43rd 44th
2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd
2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 1st 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd
2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd
2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 12th 12th 12th 12th
47th 47th 47th 46th 49th 49th 49th 49th 49th 49th 49th 49th 49th 48th 48th 48th
22nd 24th 24th 25th 23rd 20th 21st 22nd 22nd 22nd 20th 18th 20th 20th 20th 28th
2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd
43rd 44th 43rd 43rd 44th 41st 42nd 41st 41st 40th 40th 40th 39th 38th 39th 40th
31st 18th 18th 20th 18th 17th 17th 17th 17th 17th 32nd 33rd 35th 40th 33rd 38th
2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd

Historical Values

Historical values for Personal Income Tax Progressivity. The years listed correspond to the actual data years, not necessarily the publication of Rich States, Poor States.
State 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
-$1.51 -$1.51 -$1.51 -$1.51 -$1.95 -$2.04 -$1.76 -$1.81 -$2.16 -$2.18 -$1.57 -$1.87 -$1.88 -$1.84 -$1.80 -$1.04
$0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00
$10.87 $10.37 $10.37 $10.49 $10.50 $10.55 $10.60 $10.62 $10.65 $10.64 $10.68 $10.72 $12.85 $12.90 $13.05 $4.62
$12.57 $13.23 $13.49 $13.82 $14.03 $14.33 $14.42 $14.91 $14.50 $16.56 $16.69 $19.73 $18.68 $15.52 $17.34 $13.01
$33.58 $34.88 $36.19 $36.15 $36.90 $37.36 $37.80 $38.34 $38.67 $38.22 $38.88 $39.54 $40.13 $40.22 $40.55 $41.17
$0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $5.86 $6.17 $6.27 $6.36 $6.39 $6.42 $7.41 $7.53 $7.65 $7.61 $7.86 $8.13
$11.08 $11.17 $11.17 $2.67 $7.67 $7.67 $7.67 $7.67 $7.67 $7.67 $7.67 $7.67 $7.67 $7.67 $7.67 $7.67
$11.34 $11.34 $17.12 $11.34 $15.97 $15.97 $13.70 $13.70 $15.10 $15.10 $15.10 $15.10 $15.10 $15.10 $15.10 $15.10
$0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00
$6.53 $6.53 $6.53 $6.53 $6.53 $6.53 $6.53 $6.53 $6.53 $6.53 $7.90 $7.90 $7.90 $7.90 $9.34 $9.34
$11.09 $13.22 $13.22 $13.22 $13.22 $13.54 $13.54 $13.54 $13.54 $13.54 $13.54 $13.54 $13.54 $13.54 $13.54 $13.54
$12.43 $13.26 $13.38 $14.17 $14.38 $12.94 $13.26 $13.40 $13.50 $13.61 $13.38 $14.72 $14.91 $15.19 $14.46 $10.71
$0.80 $0.80 $0.80 $0.80 $1.33 $1.33 $1.42 $1.08 $1.06 $1.09 $1.32 $1.47 $1.53 $1.57 $1.60 $1.60
$0.57 $0.57 $0.57 $0.57 $0.67 $0.67 $0.67 $0.68 $0.68 $0.67 $0.70 $0.70 $0.70 $0.70 $0.70 $0.69
$11.74 $12.11 $12.32 $12.39 $11.99 $11.93 $11.89 $11.87 $11.86 $11.86 $12.94 $13.12 $13.11 $13.20 $13.28 $5.89
$10.82 $10.82 $10.82 $16.51 $10.82 $7.23 $7.56 $7.02 $7.02 $7.02 $10.09 $10.09 $10.09 $10.09 $10.09 $10.47
$5.17 $5.28 $5.28 $5.38 $5.42 $5.51 $5.51 $5.44 $5.46 $5.47 $5.51 $1.73 $1.77 $1.79 $1.85 $1.66
$8.35 $9.15 $9.15 $8.35 $10.25 $10.21 $10.19 $10.17 $10.16 $10.15 $11.00 $11.04 $11.04 $11.10 $5.02 $9.63
$17.10 $17.82 $18.36 $23.31 $18.78 $19.15 $19.31 $19.47 $19.33 $19.01 $15.67 $25.02 $25.43 $25.42 $26.25 $23.21
$5.28 $5.78 $5.78 $5.78 $5.87 $6.95 $6.95 $5.03 $5.03 $5.03 $6.44 $8.90 $8.95 $8.95 $8.95 $8.95
$2.53 $2.92 $2.92 $3.11 $3.08 $3.08 $3.05 $3.02 $2.99 $2.99 $2.99 $2.96 $2.93 $2.93 $2.93 $2.93
$1.66 $1.97 $1.97 $2.09 $2.15 $2.24 $2.27 $2.27 $2.27 $2.27 $2.27 $2.49 $2.69 $2.78 $2.83 $2.83
$9.06 $9.10 $9.17 $9.17 $17.61 $18.12 $18.27 $18.42 $18.43 $18.53 $19.97 $19.03 $19.89 $19.98 $20.27 $21.04
$7.53 $7.53 $7.53 $7.53 $7.53 $7.53 $7.53 $7.53 $7.53 $7.53 $7.93 $7.93 $7.93 $9.13 $9.13 $12.20
$12.96 $13.24 $13.24 $0.28 $0.28 $12.96 $13.92 $14.00 $14.00 $14.00 $15.59 $12.37 $12.53 $12.68 $12.75 $11.41
$5.16 $5.68 $6.00 $6.09 $5.97 $17.48 $17.72 $18.02 $18.16 $18.43 $17.79 $17.75 $18.12 $18.34 $18.53 $16.40
$16.05 $16.42 $16.42 $16.74 $15.42 $15.99 $18.43 $18.52 $18.81 $18.96 $17.69 $18.34 $18.66 $18.93 $19.52 $19.85
$0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00
$0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00
$24.81 $24.81 $24.81 $24.81 $24.81 $24.81 $24.81 $24.81 $24.81 $24.81 $24.81 $24.81 $24.81 $24.81 $24.81 $24.81
$10.37 $10.76 $9.44 $9.84 $9.93 $10.26 $10.36 $10.46 $10.49 $10.52 $14.21 $11.70 $11.83 $11.93 $12.19 $12.78
$12.71 $12.71 $12.71 $12.71 $14.43 $12.15 $12.53 $12.66 $12.72 $12.78 $12.47 $17.30 $17.30 $16.69 $16.43 $11.72
$10.35 $10.35 $9.47 $9.87 $11.06 $11.06 $5.80 $5.75 $5.75 $6.42 $6.42 $7.00 $7.53 $7.53 $8.48 $8.08
$9.56 $9.77 $8.90 $8.91 $10.77 $11.06 $9.01 $9.12 $7.01 $8.32 $8.66 $8.60 $8.55 $8.52 $8.55 $8.48
$15.92 $14.43 $13.70 $14.53 $14.08 $14.12 $12.88 $12.73 $11.95 $11.94 $11.79 $12.97 $15.56 $15.65 $15.51 $15.80
$6.52 $5.84 $5.84 $6.94 $7.56 $7.67 $7.84 $7.91 $7.38 $7.41 $7.41 $7.41 $7.41 $7.41 $7.17 $7.17
$12.74 $13.06 $14.44 $13.37 $14.90 $15.01 $15.41 $15.54 $15.57 $15.62 $14.58 $14.86 $14.98 $40.03 $40.09 $38.28
$0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00
$24.32 $25.18 $25.18 $26.36 $12.26 $11.53 $11.40 $6.98 $6.91 $6.79 $11.26 $11.30 $11.31 $11.35 $11.37 $11.82
$4.97 $5.96 $6.21 $6.21 $15.12 $15.68 $16.00 $16.14 $16.28 $16.35 $17.93 $18.26 $18.55 $18.76 $19.35 $20.77
$0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00
$0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00
$0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00
$0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.28 $0.29 $0.32 $0.37
$21.28 $21.58 $21.58 $21.26 $27.36 $28.01 $28.56 $28.69 $29.59 $29.05 $30.38 $28.78 $28.94 $28.76 $28.76 $28.35
$6.42 $6.45 $6.45 $6.45 $6.45 $6.45 $6.45 $6.45 $6.45 $6.45 $6.45 $6.45 $7.60 $7.60 $7.60 $10.28
$0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00
$15.53 $15.53 $15.53 $15.53 $15.53 $15.53 $15.53 $15.53 $15.53 $15.53 $15.53 $15.53 $15.53 $15.53 $15.53 $15.53
$10.50 $3.55 $3.67 $3.67 $3.66 $3.83 $3.93 $4.51 $4.60 $4.63 $12.33 $12.89 $14.63 $16.57 $13.14 $14.44
$0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00

    Rich States, Poor States 16th Edition

    The 16th edition of Rich States, Poor States: ALEC-Laffer State Economic Competitiveness Index is the latest in our annual series examining each state’s competitiveness and economic outlook. Used by lawmakers across the…
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